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Macro

Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia · Upper middle income · IMF WEO April 2026 · World Bank WDI

GDP▲ 3.9%
Current prices2025
303USD bn
GDP per capita▲ 2.7%
Current prices2025
14,855USD
Real GDP growth▲ 1.5 pp
Annual change2025
6.5%
Inflation▲ 2.7 pp
Average consumer prices2025
11.4%
Unemployment■ 0.0 pp
Rate2025
4.6%
Government debt▲ 0.2 pp
General government, gross2025
24.6% of GDP
Current account▼ 1.2 pp
Balance2025
-3.9% of GDP
Population▲ 1.1%
Total2025
20.38million

Real GDP growth, %

Since 1995 · lighter bars = IMF projection
-8.20.013.51995: -8.2%1996: 0.5%1997: 1.7%1998: -1.9%1999: 2.7%2000: 9.8%2001: 13.5%2002: 9.8%2003: 9.3%2004: 9.6%2005: 9.7%2006: 10.7%2007: 8.9%2008: 3.3%2009: 1.2%2010: 7.3%2011: 7.5%2012: 5.0%2013: 5.9%2014: 4.3%2015: 1.0%2016: 0.9%2017: 3.9%2018: 4.1%2019: 4.5%2020: -2.6%2021: 4.1%2022: 3.2%2023: 5.1%2024: 5.0%2025: 6.5%2026: 4.6% (IMF projection)2027: 4.4% (IMF projection)2028: 3.3% (IMF projection)2029: 3.6% (IMF projection)2030: 3.6% (IMF projection)2031: 3.6% (IMF projection)IMF projection19952000200520102015202020252030

Inflation, %

Average consumer prices · lighter bars = IMF projection
0.01761995: 176.4%1996: 39.2%1997: 17.4%1998: 7.1%1999: 8.3%2000: 13.2%2001: 8.4%2002: 6.0%2003: 6.4%2004: 7.0%2005: 7.4%2006: 8.6%2007: 10.8%2008: 17.2%2009: 7.3%2010: 7.1%2011: 8.4%2012: 5.1%2013: 5.8%2014: 6.6%2015: 6.8%2016: 14.6%2017: 7.5%2018: 6.0%2019: 5.3%2020: 6.8%2021: 8.0%2022: 15.0%2023: 14.5%2024: 8.7%2025: 11.4%2026: 10.7% (IMF projection)2027: 10.1% (IMF projection)2028: 8.8% (IMF projection)2029: 7.6% (IMF projection)2030: 5.8% (IMF projection)2031: 5.0% (IMF projection)IMF projection19952000200520102015202020252030

IMF outlook

IMF World Economic Outlook April 2026 · italics = IMF projection
Indicator2021202220232024202520262027202820292030
Real GDP growth %4.13.25.15.06.54.64.43.33.63.6
Inflation, average consumer prices %8.015.014.58.711.410.710.18.87.65.8
Unemployment rate %4.94.94.74.74.64.64.54.54.44.4
GDP, current prices USD bn197225262291303360386411439469
GDP per capita, current prices USD10,37411,48413,15814,45914,85517,50318,54719,54320,68621,866
GDP per capita, PPP Int. USD34,23436,62039,37941,83245,31048,25050,94452,96455,29157,756
General government gross debt % of GDP25.123.523.024.424.624.926.328.029.530.8
General government net lending/borrowing % of GDP-5.00.1-1.4-3.4-3.1-1.3-1.8-2.0-2.0-1.7
Current account balance % of GDP-1.42.9-3.6-2.7-3.9-1.0-2.0-2.4-2.3-2.2
Population million19.0019.6419.9020.1620.3820.5920.8121.0221.2321.44

Government debt, % of GDP

General government gross debt
0.032.12002: 18%2003: 15%2004: 11%2005: 8%2006: 7%2007: 4%2008: 7%2009: 10%2010: 11%2011: 10%2012: 12%2013: 13%2014: 14%2015: 22%2016: 20%2017: 20%2018: 20%2019: 20%2020: 26%2021: 25%2022: 24%2023: 23%2024: 24%2025: 25%2026: 25% (IMF projection)2027: 26% (IMF projection)2028: 28% (IMF projection)2029: 30% (IMF projection)2030: 31% (IMF projection)2031: 32% (IMF projection)IMF projection200520102015202020252030

Current account, % of GDP

Balance of payments
-6.50.07.32000: 2.0%2001: -6.3%2002: -4.2%2003: -0.9%2004: 0.8%2005: 0.6%2006: -1.0%2007: -4.5%2008: 1.0%2009: -0.1%2010: 1.8%2011: 7.3%2012: 1.3%2013: 1.9%2014: -1.3%2015: -5.4%2016: -5.1%2017: -2.1%2018: -1.0%2019: -3.9%2020: -6.5%2021: -1.4%2022: 2.9%2023: -3.6%2024: -2.7%2025: -3.9%2026: -1.0% (IMF projection)2027: -2.0% (IMF projection)2028: -2.4% (IMF projection)2029: -2.3% (IMF projection)2030: -2.2% (IMF projection)2031: -2.0% (IMF projection)IMF projection2000200520102015202020252030

Economic structure

Value added by sector, % of GDP · World Bank
AgricultureManufacturingOther industryServices
YearStructureAgricultureIndustryManufacturingServices
199512.330.014.654.0
20056.437.612.052.0
20154.730.910.359.3
20253.732.312.757.7

Income, trade and society

World Bank WDI · change over 10 years
IndicatorLatestUnitYear10Y change
GNI per capita, Atlas method13,740USD2025+24.5%
GNI, Atlas method286USD bn2025+43.4%
Exports of goods and services31.6% of GDP2024-7.8 pp
Imports of goods and services25.6% of GDP2024-0.1 pp
Life expectancy at birth74.5years2024+4.4%
Urban population62.4% of total2025+6.3 pp

Sources: IMF World Economic Outlook (April 2026; 2026 onwards are IMF projections) · World Bank World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)