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Macro

Estonia

Europe & Central Asia · High income · IMF WEO April 2026 · World Bank WDI

GDP▲ 9.0%
Current prices2025
47USD bn
GDP per capita▲ 9.3%
Current prices2025
34,325USD
Real GDP growth▲ 0.7 pp
Annual change2025
0.6%
Inflation▲ 1.1 pp
Average consumer prices2025
4.8%
Unemployment▼ 0.1 pp
Rate2025
7.4%
Government debt▲ 0.7 pp
General government, gross2025
24.2% of GDP
Current account▲ 1.1 pp
Balance2025
-0.2% of GDP
Population▼ 0.2%
Total2025
1.37million

Real GDP growth, %

Since 1995 · lighter bars = IMF projection
-14.60.013.11995: 2.2%1996: 4.9%1997: 13.1%1998: 4.3%1999: -0.4%2000: 10.1%2001: 5.9%2002: 6.9%2003: 7.6%2004: 6.8%2005: 9.5%2006: 9.8%2007: 7.6%2008: -5.1%2009: -14.6%2010: 2.4%2011: 7.6%2012: 3.7%2013: 1.8%2014: 3.3%2015: 1.8%2016: 3.1%2017: 5.6%2018: 3.7%2019: 3.7%2020: -2.9%2021: 8.3%2022: -1.2%2023: -2.7%2024: -0.1%2025: 0.6%2026: 1.4% (IMF projection)2027: 1.9% (IMF projection)2028: 2.3% (IMF projection)2029: 2.1% (IMF projection)2030: 1.7% (IMF projection)2031: 1.7% (IMF projection)IMF projection19952000200520102015202020252030

Inflation, %

Average consumer prices · lighter bars = IMF projection
-0.60.029.01995: 29.0%1996: 19.8%1997: 9.3%1998: 8.8%1999: 3.1%2000: 3.9%2001: 5.6%2002: 3.6%2003: 1.4%2004: 3.0%2005: 4.1%2006: 4.4%2007: 6.7%2008: 10.6%2009: 0.2%2010: 2.7%2011: 5.1%2012: 4.2%2013: 3.2%2014: 0.5%2015: 0.1%2016: 0.8%2017: 3.7%2018: 3.4%2019: 2.3%2020: -0.6%2021: 4.5%2022: 19.4%2023: 9.1%2024: 3.7%2025: 4.8%2026: 3.8% (IMF projection)2027: 3.0% (IMF projection)2028: 2.8% (IMF projection)2029: 2.3% (IMF projection)2030: 2.3% (IMF projection)2031: 2.3% (IMF projection)IMF projection19952000200520102015202020252030

IMF outlook

IMF World Economic Outlook April 2026 · italics = IMF projection
Indicator2021202220232024202520262027202820292030
Real GDP growth %8.3-1.2-2.7-0.10.61.41.92.32.11.7
Inflation, average consumer prices %4.519.49.13.74.83.83.02.82.32.3
Unemployment rate %6.25.66.47.57.47.37.06.76.56.3
GDP, current prices USD bn37384143475254576062
GDP per capita, current prices USD27,97028,36330,27331,41934,32537,71839,64441,79943,87645,880
GDP per capita, PPP Int. USD45,05947,03946,69947,74349,49251,65353,87856,12258,39860,578
General government gross debt % of GDP18.419.220.223.524.227.831.334.236.639.0
General government net lending/borrowing % of GDP-2.6-1.1-3.1-1.5-1.3-4.5-4.5-4.2-3.6-3.6
Current account balance % of GDP-3.7-3.1-1.2-1.2-0.2-1.1-2.0-1.9-1.6-1.4
Population million1.331.351.371.371.371.371.371.371.361.36

Government debt, % of GDP

General government gross debt
0.041.22000: 5%2001: 5%2002: 6%2003: 6%2004: 5%2005: 5%2006: 5%2007: 4%2008: 5%2009: 8%2010: 8%2011: 8%2012: 11%2013: 11%2014: 12%2015: 11%2016: 10%2017: 9%2018: 9%2019: 9%2020: 19%2021: 18%2022: 19%2023: 20%2024: 23%2025: 24%2026: 28% (IMF projection)2027: 31% (IMF projection)2028: 34% (IMF projection)2029: 37% (IMF projection)2030: 39% (IMF projection)2031: 41% (IMF projection)IMF projection2000200520102015202020252030

Current account, % of GDP

Balance of payments
-14.90.02.62000: -5.4%2001: -7.1%2002: -11.1%2003: -12.9%2004: -11.9%2005: -8.7%2006: -14.9%2007: -14.9%2008: -8.7%2009: 2.6%2010: 1.8%2011: 1.3%2012: -1.9%2013: -0.1%2014: 0.6%2015: 1.5%2016: 1.0%2017: 1.7%2018: 0.6%2019: 2.0%2020: -2.5%2021: -3.7%2022: -3.1%2023: -1.2%2024: -1.2%2025: -0.2%2026: -1.1% (IMF projection)2027: -2.0% (IMF projection)2028: -1.9% (IMF projection)2029: -1.6% (IMF projection)2030: -1.4% (IMF projection)2031: -1.4% (IMF projection)IMF projection2000200520102015202020252030

Economic structure

Value added by sector, % of GDP · World Bank
AgricultureManufacturingOther industryServices
YearStructureAgricultureIndustryManufacturingServices
19954.127.417.057.0
20053.326.314.759.1
20152.823.113.760.7
20251.619.710.865.8

Income, trade and society

World Bank WDI · change over 10 years
IndicatorLatestUnitYear10Y change
GNI per capita, Atlas method32,310USD2025+71.0%
GNI, Atlas method44USD bn2025+77.6%
Exports of goods and services78.4% of GDP2025+2.3 pp
Imports of goods and services77.4% of GDP2025+4.9 pp
Life expectancy at birth79.3years2024+2.9%
Urban population70.7% of total2025+2.2 pp

Sources: IMF World Economic Outlook (April 2026; 2026 onwards are IMF projections) · World Bank World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)